Earth observation is the study and monitoring of the Earth's surface, atmosphere, and other environmental factors using various remote sensing technologies such as satellites, drones, and ground-based sensors. This research area aims to gather data on various aspects of the Earth, such as climate patterns, natural disasters, land use changes, and urbanization, to help scientists and policymakers better understand and manage the planet's resources and environment. Earth observation plays a crucial role in environmental monitoring, disaster management, agriculture, urban planning, and climate change research.